행복만땅 개발자 IT 개발 메모

1. 윈도우 > 실행 > cmd 입력 > 관리자 기능으로 실행

2. taskkill /f /im explorer.exe 입력

3. start explorer.exe 입력

끝. 만약 해결되지 않았다면

4. attrib %userprofile%\appdata\local\iconcache.db -s -r -h

5. 이어 del /q %userprofile%\appdata\local\iconcache.db

끗.

1. 실행 > gpedit.msc 입력 > 실행

2. "로컬 그룹 정책 편집기" 창 오픈 확인

3.  아래 경로로 이동

4. 파일 시스템 경로에서 우측 설명 보면 "Win32 긴 경로 사용" 선택

레지스트리 

컴퓨터\HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Desktop\NameSpace

해당 폴더에서 지우고 싶은 드라이브 명에 일치하는 레지스트리 파일 삭제

윈도우 기본 레지스트리 편집기에서 상기 주소 복사하여 이동 가능

레지스트리 수정 경험이 없으신 분들은 수정 주의!

잘못 수정할 경우 컴퓨터 켜지지 않음.

끗.

https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/reference/web/webflux.html

- 쿠팡, 배민 적용.

- 게임 서버, 인구주택조사 같은 실시간 접속이 대량 발생 효과적 

레지스트리 편집 화면에서 상단 주소 입력창에 아래 각 입력하여 보이는 목록 삭제

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run

레지스트리 편집 창은 윈도우 명령 창에서 regedit 입력 실행

(윈도우 로고 / 실행 / regedit)

잘못 만지면 컴퓨터가 켜지지 않을 수 있기 때문에 정확히 위에 있는 경로에서만 삭제 필요

윈도우 로그인이 잘 되다가 

윈도우 계정으로 로그인이 되어있지 않아 보안 경고가 떴고

그래서 윈도우 계정으로 로그인 했더니

이후 외부에서 원격 접속으로 해당 PC가 로그인 되지 않을 때

모두 윈도우 제조사 거지 같은 정책 때문.

윈도우 계정 로그인 시

기존 계정 로그인이 사라지고 핀번호를 만들라고 한다.

일단 만들고 PIN번호로 로그인 후

1.

명령어 창에서 로그인 입력, 로그인 옵션 실행

2.

추가 설정에서 

보안을 강화하려면 이 장치의... 어쩌구 거기 부분에서 끔 선택

3.

그리고 해당 윈도우 계정 로그아웃

4. 다시 로그인 하려고 하면

로그인 옵션이 하나 더 보이는데, 여기서 윈도우 계정 비밀번호로 로그인

(핀번호로 로그인 X)

5. 그리고 다시 원격 접속 시도

==> 정상 로그인 

윈도우 탐색기 주소창에 아래 주소 복사 붙이기

%UserProfile%\AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.Windows.ContentDeliveryManager_cw5n1h2txyewy\LocalState\Assets

해당 경로에 있는 것이 모두 이미지 파일. 쉽게 볼 수 없도록 이미지 파일 형태로 저장되어 있지 않은데

윈도우 > 실행 > cmd(관리자 권한으로 실행) 

해당 창에서 다음 명령어 입력

cd %UserProfile%\AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.Windows.ContentDeliveryManager_cw5n1h2txyewy\LocalState\Assets

그리고 아래 명령 입력 

ren *. *.png

확장자가 없는 모든 파일(파일명이 점 뒤에 아무것도 없는 파일)에 확장자 png 붙이라는 명령 실행한 결과 

이제 윈도우 탐색기에서 점(.) 뒤에 png가 붙어서 더블 클릭하여 이미지 확인 가능

여기서 보기 싫었던 파일은 삭제가 아닌, 예쁜 이미지를 보기 싫었던 파일명으로 변경하여 덮어쓰기 

마지막으로 .png 붙였던 확장자를 다시 제거(안그럼 잠금화면 이미지 다 나오지 않음)

ren *.png *.

그리고 잠금화면 실행하면 짜잔 ~ :D ㅎㅎㅎ 

바탕화면 잠금화면 이미지는 해당 경로에 없고, 찾아보려고 했으나 포기  ㅎㅎ

분명한 것은 %UserProfile%\AppData\Local\ 경로에 바탕화면 잠금화면 이미지 없음

● 파일명 길이 출력

Get-ChildItem | ForEach-Object {
       $fileName = $_.Name
       $length = $fileName.Length
       Write-Output "파일: $fileName, 길이: $length"
}

● 특정 파일명 길이 가지고 있는 텍스트 파일 찾기

Get-ChildItem *.txt -Recurse -File | Where-Object {
       $_.Name.Length -gt 63 -and $_.Name.Length -lt 65
} | Select-Object Name, Length

1. 설치 구분

1) 이미지 기반 USB 설치

2) 이미지 기반 가상 OS 설치

3) 컨테이너 기반(압축 파일) 가상 OS 설치용 이미지 통한 설치(Docker 또는 WSL)

2. 설치

1) 컨테이너 기반 경우 물어보는 것이 없으나 컨테이너 파일이 미니멀 버전이라면 리눅스 설치 후 SSH 등 동작하는 것이 대부분 없기 때문에 알아서 직접 설치 필요 

2) 컨테이너 기반이 아닌 경우는 기본값으로 대부분 설치 

3. 메뉴얼 설치 시, 파티션 설정 참조(과거 배분과 바뀜)

4. 컨테이너 설치 시, nmtui 같은 네트워크 설정 불가. 레드헷 OS 기반(CentOS)과 같은 방법으로 메뉴얼하게 설정 필요

아래, 컨테이너 기반 설치 후 설치 이력 

    1  ll
    2  sudo
    3  ls
    4  dnf update -y
    5  ll
    6  dnf install -y sudo passwd
    7  ipconfig
    8  ifconfig
    9  passwd
   10  ip
   11  ip a
   12  ./ip
   13  nmtui
   14  netconfig
   15  config
   16  ls
   17  clear
   18  dir
   19  cd Rocky
   20  cd Rocky9
   21  ll'
   22  ls
   23  l
   24  ;
   25  ls
   26  cd ..
   27  ll
   28  dir
   29  cls
   30  clear
   31  systemctl
   32  nmcli
   33  history
   34  dnf install nmcli
   35  nmcli connection show
   36  dnf install -y epel-release
   37  dnf config-manager –add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   38  clear
   39  dnf config-manager –add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   40  dnf install -y bash-completion net-tools lsof htop
   41  ifconfig
   42  clear
   43  ifconfig
   44  dnf config-manager –add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   45  dnf config-manager –-add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   46  clear
   47  dnf config-manager –-add-repo "https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo"
   48  dnf config-manager –-add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   49  dnf config-manager --save –-add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   50  dnf config-manager –-add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   51  dnf config-manager –add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   52  dnf config-manager –-add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo --set-enabled
   53  dnf config-manager –-add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   54  clear
   55  dnf config-manager –-add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   56  dnf config-manager –-add-repo
   57  dnf config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   58  dnf -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
   59  pwd
   60  ll
   61  mkdir maildata
   62  cd maildata
   63  ll
   64  cd ..
   65  dir
   66  dm maildata
   67  rm maildata
   68  rmdir maildata
   69  dir
   70  cd Rocky9
   71  dir
   72  mkdir maildata
   73  cd maildata
   74  docker pull mailserver/docker-mailserver:latest
   75  systemctl enable -now docker
   76  systemctl
   77  systemctl enable --now docker
   78  systemctl enable -now docker
   79  systemctl enable --now docker
   80  systemctl status
   81  cd /
   82  cd etc
   83  pwd
   84  sudo
   85  vim wsl.conf
   86  dnf
   87  dnf --install vim
   88  vi wsl.conf
   89  exit
   90  cd /tmp
   91  ll
   92  ls
   93  exit
   94  systemctl
   95  systemctl status
   96  systemctl enable --now docker
   97  pwd
   98  cd maildata
   99  dir
  100  cd Rocky9/
  101  cd maildata/
  102  dir
  103  docker pull mailserver/docker-mailserver:latest
  104  ll
  105  ls
  106  curl -LO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/master/compose.yaml
  107  curl -LO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/master/mailserver.env
  108  vi compose.yaml
  109  docket compose up -d
  110  docker compose up -d
  111  docker logs -f mailserver
  112  ls
  113  cd docker-data/
  114  cd dms
  115  ls
  116  mkdir /maildata/docker-data/dms/custom-cert/demoCA
  117  mkdir custom-cert/demoCA
  118  mkdirs custom-cert/demoCA
  119  mkdir custom-cert/demoCA
  120  mkdir custom-cert
  121  cd custom-cert/
  122  mkdir demoCA
  123  curl -LO https://dl.smallstep.com/cli/docs-cli-install/latest/step-cli_amd64.rpm
  124  rpm -i step-cli_amd64.rpm
  125  step certificate create "Smallstep Root CA" "demoCA/cacert.pem" "demoCA/cakey.pem"   --no-password --insecure --profile root-ca   --not-before "2024-08-20T00:00:00+00:00"   --not-after "2034-08-20T00:00:00+00:00"   --san "biolist.com" --san "mail.biolist.com"   --kty RSA --size 2048
  126  step certificate create "Smallstep Leaf" public.crt private.key   --no-password --insecure --profile leaf   --ca "demoCA/cacert.pem" --ca-key "demoCA/cakey.pem" --not-before "2024-08-20T00:00:00+00:00"   --not-after "2034-08-20T00:00:00+00:00"   --san "biolist.com" --san "mail.biolist.com"   --kty RSA --size 2048
  127  cd ..
  128  pwd
  129  ls
  130  cd ..
  131  ls
  132  vi compose.yaml
  133  vim compose.yaml
  134  yum
  135  yum install vim
  136  vim compose.yaml
  137  cp compose.yaml compose_20241002.yaml
  138  vim compose.yaml
  139  docker compose down
  140  docker compose up -d
  141  docker exec -it mailserver setup config dkim domain 'biolist.net'
  142  docker exec -it mailserver cat /tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/keys/enteroa.com/mail.txt | awk -F'"' '{print $2}' | paste -s | sed 's/[ \t]//g;s/;/; /g'
  143  ll
  144  ls
  145  docker exec -it mailserver cat /tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/keys/enteroa.com/mail.txt | awk -F'"' '{print $2}' | paste -s | sed 's/[ \t]//g;s/;/; /g'
  146  docker exec -it mailserver setup config dkim domain 'biolist.net'
  147  docker exec -it mailserver cat /tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/keys/enteroa.com/mail.txt | awk -F'"' '{print $2}' | paste -s | sed 's/[ \t]//g;s/;/; /g'
  148  ~]# docker exec -it mailserver cat /tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/keys/enteroa.com/mail.txt | awk -F'"' '{print $2}' | paste -s | sed 's/[ \t]//g;s/;/; /g'
  149  docker exec -it mailserver cat /tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/keys/biolist.net/mail.txt | awk -F'"' '{print $2}' | paste -s | sed 's/[ \t]//g;s/;/; /g'
  150  find ./mailserver.*
  151  cp mailserver.env mailserver_20241002.env
  152  vim mailserver.env
  153  docker compose down mailserver
  154  docker compose up -d mailserver
  155  vim mailserver.env
  156  docker compose down mailserver
  157  docker compose up -d mailserver
  158  ll
  159  ls
  160  vim compose.yaml
  161  docker compose down mailserver
  162  vim compose.yaml
  163  vim mailserver.env
  164  docker compose up -d mailserver
  165  ifconfig
  166  passwd
  167  yum install openssh-server
  168  vi /etc/ssh
  169  vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
  170  service ssh restart
  171  shich sshd
  172  which sshd
  173  firewall-cmd
  174  firewall -cmd
  175  service sshd start
  176  systemctl start sshd
  177  systemctl status sshd
  178  systemctl restart sshd
  179  systemctl status sshd.service
  180  systemctl start sshd
  181  systemctl start sshd
  182  pwd
  183  nmtui
  184  dul
  185  history
  186  dnf install nmtui
  187  yum install nmtui
  188  nmtui
  189  nmcli
  190  dnf install nmcli
  191  yum install nmcli
  192  nmcli
  193  setup
  194  ifconfig
  195  find / -name network-scripts
  196  cd /etc
  197  ll
  198  ls
  199  clear
  200  ls
  201  find . -name ifcfg*
  202  find . -name ifcfg*.*
  203  sudo nano
  204  systemctl restart NetworkManager
  205  NetworkManager
  206  pacman
  207  systemctl restart network
  208  systemctl restart network22
  209  systemctl restart Networkmanager
  210  service
  211  systemctl start NetworkManager
  212  ap
  213  apt
  214  systemctl enable --now NetworkManager.service
  215  yum -y install NetworkManager
  216  nmcli
  217  systemctl enable --now NetworkManager.service
  218  nmcli
  219  nmtui
  220  nmcli
  221  systemctl restart NetworkManager
  222  systemctl restart NetworkManage
  223  systemctl restdart NetworkManager
  224  systemctl restart NetworkManager
  225  systemctl status NetworkManager
  226  ip
  227  ip addr
  228  cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
  229  ll
  230  ls
  231  tail readme-ifcfg-rh.txt
  232  nmtui
  233  setup
  234  nmcli
  235  nmcli device status
  236  cd ..
  237  ll
  238  ls
  239  cd ..
  240  cd NetworkManager/
  241  ll
  242  ls
  243  cd system-connections/
  244  ls
  245  ls -lst
  246  clear
  247  nmcli connection reload
  248  nmcli device status
  249  nmcli
  250  ssh localhost
  251  ll
  252  ls
  253  cd /
  254  cd dev/
  255  ll
  256  ls
  257  cd wsl
  258  pwd
  259  cd /
  260  ll
  261  ls
  262  cd mnt
  263  cd DEV
  264  ll
  265  ls
  266  cd c
  267  cd ..
  268  cd wsl
  269  ll
  270  ls
  271  cd ..
  272  ls
  273  cd c
  274  cd DEV
  275  cd WSL
  276  ll
  277  ls
  278  cd Rocky9/
  279  ls
  280  cd maildata/
  281  ls
  282  nmtui
  283  nmcli device status
  284  ifconfig
  285  ssh
  286  sshd
  287  nmcli
  288  ifconfig
  289  clear
  290  cls
  291  ifconfig
  292  nmtui
  293  exit
  294  wsl
  295  exit
  296  ifconfig
  297  history

5. OS 설치 

1) 컨테이너 기반 설치 시 위 작업 이력과 같은 작업 필요

2) 컨테이너 기반 아닌 전통적 GUI 기반 설치 시, 설치 완료 후 "nmtui" 입력하여 네트워크 설정 필요

3) nmtui 실행되지 않을 경우 nmcli 명령어로 처리 

4) 네트워크 설정 참조

   - https://itcenter.yju.ac.kr/xe_board_tech_linux/24400

   - https://svrforum.com/os/361727

   - https://velog.io/@zero0913/%ED%87%B4%EA%B7%BC-%ED%9B%84%EC%97%90-%ED%8B%88%ED%8B%88%ED%9E%88-%EC%9E%91%EC%84%B1%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94-%EC%82%BD%EC%A7%88-%EC%9D%BC%EC%A7%80-%EB%A6%AC%EB%88%85%EC%8A%A4%EC%84%9C%EB%B2%84-1.-Rocky-Linux-9-%EC%84%A4%EC%B9%98-%EB%B0%8F-SSH-%EA%B4%80%EB%A0%A8-%EC%84%A4%EC%A0%95

   - https://tech.zinnunkebi.com/all-about-os/all-about-linux/rocky-linux-9-network-setting/

   - https://blog.naver.com/zzang7648/223498691114

   - https://gomu92.tistory.com/13

※ docker-mailserver 설치 시

- 계정 확인 방법

① docker compose exec mailserver setup debug login

② 

접속 주소가 같은데, 서버가 바뀐 경우 ssh RSA 키 충돌로 접속이 되지 않을 때 

- ssh-keygen -R [접속지 주소]

이를 통해 해결되지 않을 때 아래 폴더에 있는 파일을 백업하고 삭제하면 접속 가능

C:\Users\[사용자계정]\.ssh\known_hosts

해당 방법 사용 경우, 다른 모든 접속 키 등록 필요

● 실행 여부

sudo service cron status

"cron in not running" 메세지가 아닌 잔뜩 뭐가 뜬다면 실행되고 있는 것

● 실행

sudo ALL=NONPASSWD: /usr/sbin/service cron start

● 동작 테스트 / 아래 내용 "/tmp/test_crontab.sh"으로 저장

#!/bin/bash
today=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
echo "${today}" >> /tmp/crontab.log

● 배치 설정

sudo crontab -e

● 배치 입력

*/1 * * * * /tmp/test_crontab.sh

분(0-59)  시간(0-23)  일(1-31)   월(1-12)   요일(0-7)

● 배치 실행 확인

tail -f /tmp/crontab.log

● batch(*.bat) 파일 분기 처리 참고 스크립트

@echo off
chcp 437

 :: BatchGotAdmin
 :-------------------------------------
 REM  --> Check for permissions
 >nul 2>&1 "%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\cacls.exe" "%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\config\system"

REM --> If error flag set, we do not have admin.
 if '%errorlevel%' NEQ '0' (
     echo Requesting administrative privileges...
     goto UACPrompt
 ) else ( goto gotAdmin )

:UACPrompt
     echo Set UAC = CreateObject^("Shell.Application"^) > "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
     echo UAC.ShellExecute "%~s0", "", "", "runas", 1 >> "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"

    "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
     exit /B

:gotAdmin
     if exist "%temp%\getadmin.vbs" ( del "%temp%\getadmin.vbs" )
     pushd "%CD%"
     CD /D "%~dp0
	 
echo.	 
echo http://tmigod.com/
echo IP last update : 2021. 05. 23.
echo.
pause
echo.

● CLI | (Pipeline) 필터링

dir/s/b | find "필터 키워드"

● 대용량 USB exFAT 이 아닌 FAT32로 포멧하기 / PowerShell 실행 후

MSSQL, MariaDB/MySQL, Apache WEB, Apache Tomcat 등 운용 시

해당 서버(또는 PC) 기준 방화벽 설정 

1. 이벤트 뷰어에서 외부 공격은 "응용 프로그램" 눌러서 접속 로그 확인

2. 이벤트 뷰어에서 보안 오류도 분단위 있을 경우 조치

3. 방화벽 인바운드 규칙 > 새 규칙 > 사용자 지정 > 모든 프로그램(기본값) > 모든 프로토콜 / 모든 로컬 포트 / 모든 원격 포트(기본값) > 이 규칙이 적용되는 원격 IP 주소 / 다음 IP 주소 / 추가 > 222.222.222.1 ~ 222.222.222.255 추가 > 연결 차단 > 완료

4. 방화벽 인바운드 IP대역 차단 CLI 

netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="DDOS 차단" dir=in action=block remoteip=61.221.207.0-61.221.207.255

5. 한국만 허용

netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="only korean access" dir=in action=allow remoteip=101.79.136.0/21,101.79.32.0/21,14.128.128.0/17,14.129.0.0/16,14.138.0.0/16,14.192.80.0/20,45.112.88.0/21,45.112.96.0/20,45.112.112.0/21,45.112.152.0/21,45.112.160.0/21,45.112.168.0/22,43.230.0.0/22,43.224.104.0/22,43.250.152.0/22,43.251.28.0/22,43.251.68.0/22,43.251.120.0/22,14.206.0.0/16,27.0.236.0/22,27.1.0.0/16,27.35.0.0/16,45.113.44.0/22,45.113.48.0/22,43.230.76.0/22,43.230.80.0/22,43.230.216.0/22,27.160.0.0/12,27.176.0.0/13,27.232.0.0/13,27.255.64.0/19,27.255.96.0/19,36.38.0.0/15,43.246.152.0/22,43.246.180.0/22,27.100.128.0/17,27.101.0.0/16,27.102.0.0/16,45.119.144.0/22,45.120.64.0/22,45.120.68.0/22,103.141.18.0/23,43.241.104.0/22,43.241.108.0/22,43.247.104.0/22,43.247.192.0/22,27.111.96.0/19,27.112.128.0/17,27.113.0.0/17,45.115.152.0/22,1.11.0.0/16,1.16.0.0/14,43.254.244.0/22,39.4.0.0/14,39.16.0.0/12,39.112.0.0/12,42.8.0.0/13,42.16.0.0/12,42.32.0.0/12,43.227.116.0/22,43.227.120.0/22,27.115.128.0/17,27.116.64.0/18,27.116.128.0/17,27.117.0.0/18,27.117.64.0/18,27.117.128.0/18,27.117.192.0/18,27.118.64.0/18,27.118.128.0/17,27.119.0.0/17,27.119.128.0/17,27.120.0.0/18,27.122.128.0/17,43.242.112.0/22,45.117.12.0/22,1.96.0.0/12,1.176.0.0/15,1.201.0.0/16,1.208.0.0/12,1.224.0.0/11,14.0.32.0/19,14.0.64.0/18,14.4.0.0/14,14.32.0.0/11,14.64.0.0/11,43.255.248.0/22,43.255.252.0/22,45.64.140.0/22,45.64.144.0/22,45.64.152.0/22,45.64.172.0/22,42.82.0.0/16,43.228.160.0/22,27.124.128.0/17,27.125.0.0/17,27.126.0.0/18,43.243.216.0/22,103.3.36.0/22,59.186.0.0/15,61.32.0.0/13,61.40.0.0/14,101.53.64.0/19,101.55.0.0/17,103.7.32.0/22,103.7.190.0/23,103.10.216.0/22,103.11.24.0/22,103.11.44.0/22,103.11.56.0/22,103.21.200.0/22,103.25.16.0/22,45.121.164.0/22,45.125.232.0/22,45.126.148.0/22,49.1.0.0/16,49.8.0.0/14,49.16.0.0/12,49.50.0.0/22,49.50.16.0/20,49.50.32.0/19,49.56.0.0/13,49.128.192.0/19,49.142.0.0/16,49.143.0.0/17,58.120.0.0/13,58.138.192.0/18,58.140.0.0/14,58.145.0.0/17,58.146.192.0/18,58.147.176.0/21,58.148.0.0/14,58.180.0.0/16,58.181.0.0/18,58.184.0.0/16,60.196.0.0/15,61.47.192.0/18,61.72.0.0/14,61.76.0.0/15,61.78.0.0/15,61.80.0.0/14,61.84.0.0/15,101.202.0.0/16,101.235.0.0/16,101.250.0.0/16,103.4.48.0/22,103.4.148.0/22,103.4.176.0/22,103.4.180.0/22,103.7.244.0/22,103.8.100.0/22,103.11.128.0/22,103.11.248.0/22,103.22.220.0/22,49.160.0.0/12,49.236.64.0/18,49.238.64.0/18,49.238.128.0/17,49.239.128.0/18,58.224.0.0/12,59.0.0.0/11,59.86.192.0/18,59.151.192.0/18,60.253.0.0/18,60.253.64.0/19,61.4.192.0/19,61.4.224.0/19,61.5.160.0/19,103.5.128.0/22,103.5.144.0/22,103.8.230.0/24,103.9.32.0/22,103.9.128.0/22,103.19.124.0/22,103.23.80.0/21,103.27.128.0/22,103.30.108.0/22,103.30.160.0/22,103.30.204.0/22,45.248.72.0/22,49.246.0.0/18,49.246.64.0/18,49.247.0.0/16,49.254.0.0/16,58.29.0.0/16,59.152.128.0/18,61.14.208.0/22,61.245.176.0/20,61.245.224.0/19,61.247.64.0/18,61.247.128.0/19,61.247.192.0/19,101.1.8.0/21,101.1.32.0/19,103.2.76.0/22,103.2.84.0/22,103.2.92.0/22,103.6.72.0/22,103.6.80.0/22,103.6.100.0/22,103.6.172.0/22,103.10.92.0/22,103.12.248.0/22,103.12.252.0/22,103.13.52.0/22,103.13.160.0/22,103.20.116.0/22,103.24.8.0/22,103.27.148.0/22,103.28.60.0/22,103.28.64.0/22,103.31.180.0/22,45.249.64.0/22,45.249.160.0/22,58.65.64.0/18,58.72.0.0/13,58.84.44.0/22,58.87.32.0/19,58.102.0.0/15,103.62.228.0/22,103.51.168.0/21,103.51.176.0/22,103.51.184.0/21,103.51.192.0/21,103.51.200.0/22,103.51.240.0/20,103.55.188.0/22,103.59.156.0/22,103.206.74.0/23,103.194.252.0/22,103.212.244.0/22,103.212.248.0/22,103.216.202.0/23,103.226.72.0/22,103.226.76.0/22,103.226.96.0/22,103.38.24.0/22,103.49.44.0/22,103.52.200.0/22,103.53.114.0/24,103.60.120.0/22,103.60.124.0/22,103.214.24.0/22,103.214.88.0/22,103.39.36.0/22,103.42.184.0/22,103.43.64.0/24,103.50.40.0/22,103.57.60.0/22,103.215.144.0/22,103.218.156.0/22,103.218.160.0/22,103.43.120.0/22,103.55.35.0/24,103.194.108.0/22,103.212.124.0/22,103.212.220.0/22,103.244.108.0/22,103.247.220.0/22,103.247.232.0/22,103.248.104.0/22,103.251.104.0/22,114.200.0.0/13,115.0.0.0/12,115.16.0.0/13,115.31.96.0/19,115.40.0.0/15,115.68.0.0/16,115.69.96.0/19,110.93.24.0/21,110.93.112.0/20,110.165.0.0/19,110.165.64.0/18,110.172.64.0/18,110.232.96.0/20,112.72.16.0/20,112.72.32.0/19,112.72.128.0/17,112.76.0.0/15,113.60.0.0/16,113.61.0.0/19,113.61.104.0/22,113.130.64.0/19,113.130.128.0/17,113.131.0.0/16,113.192.64.0/18,113.197.80.0/20,113.198.0.0/16,113.199.0.0/17,119.192.0.0/11,119.235.192.0/20,119.235.240.0/21,120.29.128.0/20,116.68.32.0/19,116.68.232.0/21,116.84.0.0/16,116.89.160.0/19,116.90.216.0/21,116.93.160.0/19,116.93.192.0/18,117.110.0.0/15,119.17.0.0/19,119.17.64.0/18,119.18.64.0/18,120.50.64.0/18,120.50.128.0/19,103.230.88.0/22,103.230.112.0/22,103.234.4.0/22,103.241.116.0/22,103.249.28.0/22,103.252.228.0/22,106.96.0.0/13,106.240.0.0/12,111.65.128.0/18,111.67.208.0/20,111.67.224.0/19,112.106.0.0/15,112.108.0.0/16,112.109.32.0/19,112.121.0.0/19,112.121.192.0/18,112.133.0.0/17,112.133.128.0/18,112.136.128.0/17,112.137.176.0/21,112.140.64.0/18,112.140.144.0/21,113.216.0.0/15,114.29.0.0/17,114.29.128.0/18,114.30.0.0/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210.102.96.0/19,210.106.0.0/18,210.106.64.0/19,210.106.96.0/19,210.110.0.0/17,210.110.128.0/17,210.111.0.0/18,210.111.112.0/20,210.111.128.0/19,210.111.160.0/19,210.111.192.0/19,210.111.224.0/19,210.111.64.0/20,210.111.80.0/20,210.111.96.0/20,210.112.0.0/17,210.112.128.0/19,210.112.160.0/20,210.112.176.0/20,210.112.192.0/19,210.112.224.0/19,210.113.0.0/16,210.114.0.0/18,210.114.104.0/21,210.114.112.0/20,210.114.128.0/19,210.114.160.0/19,210.114.192.0/20,210.114.208.0/20,210.114.224.0/19,210.114.64.0/20,210.114.80.0/21,210.114.88.0/21,210.114.96.0/21,210.115.0.0/19,210.115.128.0/19,210.115.160.0/19,210.115.192.0/19,210.115.224.0/19,210.115.32.0/19,210.115.64.0/19,210.115.96.0/19,210.116.0.0/18,210.116.128.0/17,210.116.64.0/18,210.117.0.0/17,210.117.128.0/18,210.117.192.0/18,210.118.0.0/19,210.118.128.0/17,210.118.32.0/19,210.118.64.0/18,210.119.0.0/17,210.119.128.0/18,210.119.192.0/19,210.119.224.0/20,210.119.240.0/20,210.121.0.0/17,210.121.128.0/17,210.122.0.0/16,210.123.0.0/16,210.125.0.0/20,210.125.128.0/17,210.125.16.0/20,210.125.32.0/19,210.125.64.0/18,210.126.0.0/17,210.126.128.0/17,210.127.0.0/19,210.127.128.0/17,210.127.32.0/19,210.127.64.0/18,210.180.64.0/19,210.180.96.0/19,210.181.0.0/19,210.181.128.0/18,210.181.192.0/19,210.181.224.0/19,210.181.32.0/19,210.181.64.0/18,210.204.0.0/16,210.205.0.0/18,210.205.112.0/20,210.205.128.0/18,210.205.192.0/19,210.205.224.0/20,210.205.240.0/20,210.205.64.0/19,210.205.96.0/20,210.206.0.0/15,103.143.176.0/23,103.186.170.0/23,64.188.32.0/20,103.131.164.0/22,165.141.0.0/18,165.141.112.0/20,165.141.128.0/17,165.141.64.0/19,165.141.96.0/20,103.144.30.0/23,103.143.32.0/23,103.140.208.0/22,103.117.0.0/22,103.129.184.0/22,103.109.64.0/22,103.21.188.0/23,103.21.190.0/23,103.37.0.0/22,43.240.236.0/22,103.127.124.0/22,103.126.64.0/22,103.199.100.0/22,103.48.132.0/22,137.59.16.0/22,43.229.112.0/22,103.175.200.0/23,206.219.0.0/18,103.167.230.0/23,103.39.16.0/22,43.243.188.0/22,103.162.180.0/23,103.161.4.0/23,180.189.52.0/22,211.172.180.0/22,124.217.192.0/20,180.210.16.0/21,180.210.24.0/22,180.210.28.0/22,211.172.176.0/22,162.222.172.0/22,211.172.184.0/21,103.159.160.0/23,103.166.222.0/23,103.157.158.0/23,103.153.44.0/23,103.164.78.0/23,103.44.88.0/22,43.225.124.0/22,103.157.208.0/23,160.20.142.0/24,103.156.22.0/23,103.86.44.0/22,203.160.130.0/23,203.191.134.0/23,103.150.62.0/23,103.162.52.0/23,103.150.204.0/23,103.150.160.0/24,103.150.162.0/23,103.146.180.0/23,211.188.104.0/21,211.188.112.0/20,211.188.96.0/21,211.255.128.0/21,211.255.136.0/21,211.255.144.0/20,223.255.192.0/21,223.255.200.0/21,103.145.214.0/23,103.122.144.0/23,180.94.4.0/24,59.150.0.0/21,59.150.100.0/22,59.150.104.0/22,59.150.108.0/23,59.150.110.0/23,59.150.112.0/21,59.150.12.0/24,59.150.120.0/23,59.150.122.0/24,59.150.123.0/24,59.150.124.0/24,59.150.125.0/24,59.150.126.0/23,59.150.128.0/22,59.150.13.0/24,59.150.132.0/23,59.150.134.0/24,59.150.135.0/24,59.150.136.0/24,59.150.137.0/24,59.150.138.0/24,59.150.139.0/24,59.150.14.0/24,59.150.140.0/24,59.150.141.0/24,59.150.142.0/23,59.150.144.0/23,59.150.146.0/23,59.150.148.0/23,59.150.15.0/24,59.150.150.0/24,59.150.151.0/24,59.150.152.0/22,59.150.156.0/24,59.150.157.0/24,59.150.158.0/23,59.150.16.0/23,59.150.160.0/22,59.150.164.0/24,59.150.165.0/24,59.150.166.0/23,59.150.168.0/23,59.150.170.0/24,59.150.171.0/24,59.150.172.0/24,59.150.173.0/24,59.150.174.0/23,59.150.176.0/20,59.150.18.0/24,59.150.19.0/24,59.150.192.0/23,59.150.194.0/24,59.150.195.0/24,59.150.196.0/23,59.150.198.0/23,59.150.20.0/23,59.150.200.0/22,59.150.204.0/23,59.150.206.0/24,59.150.207.0/24,59.150.208.0/20,59.150.22.0/23,59.150.224.0/19,59.150.24.0/21,59.150.32.0/21,59.150.40.0/23,59.150.42.0/24,59.150.43.0/24,59.150.44.0/24,59.150.45.0/24,59.150.46.0/23,59.150.48.0/22,59.150.52.0/23,59.150.54.0/23,59.150.56.0/23,59.150.58.0/23,59.150.60.0/24,59.150.61.0/24,59.150.62.0/23,59.150.64.0/22,59.150.68.0/24,59.150.69.0/24,59.150.70.0/23,59.150.72.0/24,59.150.73.0/24,59.150.74.0/23,59.150.76.0/22,59.150.8.0/22,59.150.80.0/22,59.150.84.0/22,59.150.88.0/22,59.150.92.0/23,59.150.94.0/23,59.150.96.0/23,59.150.98.0/24,59.150.99.0/24,103.67.58.0/23,101.79.0.0/19,101.79.128.0/22,101.79.132.0/22,101.79.136.0/21,101.79.32.0/21,101.79.40.0/22,101.79.44.0/22,101.79.48.0/21,101.79.56.0/22,101.79.60.0/22,101.79.64.0/18,110.4.112.0/22,110.4.116.0/22,110.4.120.0/21,110.4.64.0/19,110.4.96.0/20,113.30.104.0/22,113.30.108.0/22,113.30.112.0/20,113.30.64.0/21,113.30.72.0/21,113.30.80.0/20,113.30.96.0/21,114.141.0.0/21,114.141.12.0/22,114.141.16.0/22,114.141.20.0/22,114.141.24.0/21,114.141.8.0/22,124.217.208.0/20,180.210.0.0/21,180.210.32.0/19,180.210.64.0/18,180.210.8.0/21,182.252.128.0/20,182.252.144.0/22,182.252.148.0/22,182.252.152.0/21,182.252.160.0/21,182.252.168.0/22,182.252.172.0/22,182.252.176.0/22,182.252.180.0/22,182.252.184.0/21,182.252.192.0/18,185.130.49.0/24,103.218.172.0/23,157.66.64.0/23,

- 국가별 IP 대역 / KISA

https://xn--3e0bx5euxnjje69i70af08bea817g.xn--3e0b707e/jsp/statboard/IPAS/ovrse/natal/IPaddrBandCurrent.jsp?nationCode1=KR

- 엑셀 편집, IP 추출

- 파워쉘로 공격 당한 IP만 자동 등록 / 의미는 없음, 해당 IP 차단하면 감지하여 새로운 IP 공격 확인

$DT = [DateTime]::Now.AddDays(-1) # check only last 24 hours

$l = Get-EventLog -LogName 'Security' -InstanceId 4625 -After $DT | Select-Object @{n='IpAddress';e={$_.ReplacementStrings[-2]} } # select Ip addresses that has audit failure 
$g = $l | group-object -property IpAddress  | where {$_.Count -gt 20} | Select -property Name # get ip adresses, that have more than 20 wrong logins

$fw = New-Object -ComObject hnetcfg.fwpolicy2 # get firewall object

$ar = $fw.rules | where {$_.name -eq 'ExternalAttackBlock'} # get firewall rule named 'BlockAttackers' (must be created manually)

$arRemote = $ar.RemoteAddresses -split(',') #split the existing IPs into an array so we can easily search for existing IPs

$w = $g | where {$_.Name.Length -gt 1 -and  !($arRemote -contains $_.Name + '/255.255.255.255') } # get ip addresses that are not already in firewal rule. Include the subnet mask which is automatically added to the firewall remote IP declaration.

$w| %{$ar.remoteaddresses += ',' + $_.Name} # add IPs to firewall rule

* 라우터 또는 별도 방화벽 장비 설정 별도

* 특히 MSSQL 설치 되어 있을 경우 중국발 공격 많이 발생하며 다른 서비스 공격이 없는 것은 별도 방화벽 장비에서 막아서 로그 없을 수 있음

6. 방화벽 설정 결론 

- IP 차단은 끝이 없음

- 포트 다 차단 

- 공격 대상 포트 변경 / 레지스트리 변경은 귀찮, 파워셀 이용 변경 / DOS CLI 환경에서 powershell 입력 실행 후 아래 입력

$portvalue = 13390
Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp' -name "PortNumber" -Value $portvalue 
New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'RDPPORTLatest-TCP-In' -Profile 'Public' -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol TCP -LocalPort $portvalue 
New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'RDPPORTLatest-UDP-In' -Profile 'Public' -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol UDP -LocalPort $portvalue

- 서비스 레지스트리 값을 알고 있으면 사용 포트 확인도 가능

Get-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp' -name "PortNumber"

- 변경 포트만 특정 IP에서 접근 허용

① 방화벽 인바운 규칙에서 위에서 파워셀로 추가한 "RDPPORTLatest-TCP-In" 확인하여 더블 클릭

② 영역 탭 클릭

③ 원격 IP 주소에 원격에서 접속할 PC 퍼블릭 IP 입력

④ 등록한 IP 컴퓨터에서 원격 접속 테스트 / OK

tcping.exe download

https://www.elifulkerson.com/projects/tcping.php

tcping -d -s 211.***.***.*** 3389

3389 port open 글자까 뜨지 않으면 

해당 서비스가 없거나 방화벽에서 차단된 상태

-s     : automatically exit on a successful ping

-d     : include date and time on each line

1. CLI(Command line interface) 환경 진입

2. 사용 포트 전체 조회에서 8081 글자가 있는 라인만 검색 

netstat -ano | findstr "8081"

해당 라인 맨마지막 5724 번호가 프로세스 번호

3. 프로세스 죽이기

taskkill /f -pid 5724

끝.

● PIN 비밀번호 초기화를 할 수 없을 때

(자동 로그인 되었는데 관리자 비밀번호는 모르겠고, 비밀번호를 바꾸고 싶을 때는 맨 아래 "비밀번호 초기화" 부분 확인, 1줄만 입력하면 끝)

- 초기화 되지 않는 원인 : 학교 또는 회사 그룹으로 윈도우 설치되었을 때

윈도우 실행, "회사" 쳐서 나오는 메뉴

이 메뉴를 선택하여 보이는 소소 조직이 있다면 해지하면 된다는 글들이 다수

해당 방법으로 해결이 되지 않을 경우

아래 폴더를 어떻게든 지우면 된다

C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\LocalService\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Ngc

del 키 눌러지워지면 좋은데, 지우는 방법은 조금 복잡

1. 파일탐색기로 해당 폴더 속성 누르고 뜨는 창에서 "보안" 탭메뉴 선택

2. 거기서 내 로그인 아이디 보이면 선택 후 화면 하단 고급 메뉴 선택

3. 그리고 뜨는 화면에서 파란색 글씨 변경 선택

4. 이어 뜨는 화면에서 "고급" > "지금 찾기" 눌러서 아래처럼 "administrators" 누름 > 그리고 다시 확인 클릭

5. 계속 확인 누르다 보면 아까 보이지 않았던 메뉴 "하위 컨테이너 .." 선택

6. 그리고 적용 후 해당 폴더 삭제하면 PIN 관련 정보가 다 삭제 되어, PIN 누르면 아래처럼 설정할 수 있는 화면 뜸

● 비밀번호 초기화

- 명령 프롬프트라는 검정 화면을 관리자 권한으로 실행 필요

(PIN 번호로만 로그인 하고 현 설정된 관리자 비밀번호 모를 경우도 해당)

- 그 화면에서 "net user"라고 치면 사용자 목록이 뜸

- 로그인 사용자 비밀번호 초기화 대상 확인 후

- "net user J.BHAK 변경비밀번호" 입력하면 비밀번호 재설정 완료

- 비번을 까먹어 진입조차 할 수 없다면 안전모드 또는 USB 윈도우설치 도구를 이용하여 동일하게 CMD 화면 진입하여 위 명령어 치면 동일하게 비밀번호 변경 가능

1. 실행 / cmd 관리자 권한 

2. 사용자 전체 목록 확인

>> net user 

3. 실행 / netplwiz.exe

>> 실 로그인 사용자 확인

4. 사용자 비밀번호 리셋

>> net user [사용자 아이디] [사용자 비밀번호]

5. 사용자 계정 비활성화

>> net user [사용자 아이디] /active:no

6. 사용자 계정 활성화

>> net user [사용자 아이디] /active:yes

7. 비밀번호 해지

>> net user [사용자 아이디] ""

1. cmd 관리자 모드로 실행

2. 공유 폴더 전체 확인

net share 

3. 공유 폴더 삭제

net share /delete "공유이름"

ex. net share /delete C$

● sudo 권한을 부여하는 것이 아닌, 특정 사용자 root 계정으로 만들기

1. vim /etc/passwd

   1) 해당 계정 찾아서 x:숫자:숫자 부분을

   2) x:0:0 으로 변경

2. vim /etc/group

   1) 맨 윗줄 "root:x:0:" 부분에

   2) root:x:0:[계정아이디] 식으로 계정아이디 넣어 저장

3. vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

   1) PermitRootLogin 부분 찾아 주석 제거 및

   2) "PermitRootLogin yes" 으로 변경 

   3) "PasswordAuthentication" 부분 찾아 주석 제거 및

   4) "PasswordAuthentication yes" 로 변경

4. sudo service ssh restart

5. ssh 접속 테스트